记录下在CentOS 6.9环境安装MySQL 5.6.37的过程，供大家参考。如果centos7以上的系统：需要卸载 rpm -e mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64 –nodeps
1、准备数据存放的文件系统新建一个逻辑卷，并将其挂载至特定目录即可。这里不再给出过程。这里假设其逻辑卷的挂载目录为/data，而后需要创建/data/mysqldata目录做为mysql数据的存放目录。[root@centos /]# mkdir -p /data/mysqldata
2、新建用户以安全方式运行进程：[root@centos ~]# useradd mysql -s /sbin/nologin -M[root@centos ~]# chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysqldata
3、安装并初始化mysql[root@centos ~]# wget https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.37-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz[root@centos ~]# tar -xf mysql-5.6.37-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src/[root@centos ~]# cd /usr/local/[root@centos local]# ln -sv /usr/local/src/mysql-5.6.37-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/ mysql #根据实际情况修改[root@centos local]# cd mysql[root@centos mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql .
4.为mysql提供主配置文件: #默认初始化后会在/etc下有my.cnf，如有内容删除覆盖即可
配置文件
[root@centos mysql]# yum install libaio* libnuma* -y #安装依赖[root@centos mysql]# vim /etc/my.cnf———————————————————————————————————–[client]#user=mysql #根据实际情况设置用户名#password=123456[mysqld]########basic settings########server-id = 11port = 3306user = mysql#bind_address = 10.166.224.32 #根据实际情况修改#autocommit = 0 #5.6.X安装时，需要注释掉，安装完成后再打开character_set_server=utf8mb4skip_name_resolve = 1max_connections = 800max_connect_errors = 1000datadir = /data/mysqldata #根据实际情况修改,建议和程序分离存放transaction_isolation = READ-COMMITTEDexplicit_defaults_for_timestamp = 1join_buffer_size = 134217728tmp_table_size = 67108864tmpdir = /tmpmax_allowed_packet = 16777216sql_mode = “STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,NO_ZERO_DATE,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER”interactive_timeout = 1800wait_timeout = 1800read_buffer_size = 16777216read_rnd_buffer_size = 33554432sort_buffer_size = 33554432########log settings########log_error = error.logslow_query_log = 1slow_query_log_file = slow.loglog_queries_not_using_indexes = 1log_slow_admin_statements = 1log_slow_slave_statements = 1log_throttle_queries_not_using_indexes = 10expire_logs_days = 90long_query_time = 2min_examined_row_limit = 100########replication settings########master_info_repository = TABLErelay_log_info开发云主机域名_repository = TABLElog_bin = bin.logsync_binlog = 1gtid_mode = onenforce_gtid_consistency = 1log_slave_updatesbinlog_format = rowrelay_log = relay.logrelay_log_recovery = 1binlog_gtid_simple_recovery = 1slave_skip_errors = ddl_exist_errors########innodb settings########innodb_page_size = 8192innodb_buffer_pool_size = 6G #根据实际情况修改，实验环境需改变大小否则会报错innodb_buffer_pool_instances = 8innodb_buffer_pool_load_at_startup = 1innodb_buffer_pool_dump_at_shutdown = 1innodb_lru_scan_depth = 2000innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 5innodb_io_capacity = 4000innodb_io_capacity_max = 8000innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECTinnodb_file_format = Barracudainnodb_file_format_max = Barracudainnodb_log_group_home_dir = /data/mysqldata #根据实际情况修改innodb_undo_directory = /data/mysqldata #根据实际情况修改innodb_undo_logs = 128innodb_undo_tablespaces = 3innodb_flush_neighbors = 1innodb_log_file_size = 4G #根据实际情况修改，实验环境需改小innodb_log_buffer_size = 16777216innodb_purge_threads = 4innodb_large_prefix = 1innodb_thread_concurrency = 64innodb_print_all_deadlocks = 1innodb_strict_mode = 1innodb_sort_buffer_size = 67108864########semi sync replication settings########plugin_dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin #根据实际情况修改plugin_load = “rpl_semi_sync_master=semisync_master.so;rpl_semi_sync_slave=semisync_slave.so”loose_rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled = 1loose_rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled = 1loose_rpl_semi_sync_master_timeout = 5000[mysqld-5.7]innodb_buffer_pool_dump_pct = 40innodb_page_cleaners = 4innodb_undo_log_truncate = 1innodb_max_undo_log_size = 2Ginnodb_purge_rseg_truncate_frequency = 128binlog_gtid_simple_recovery=1log_timestamps=systemtransaction_write_set_extraction=MURMUR32show_compatibility_56=on———————————————————————————————————————————————————–推荐的my.cnf[client]default-character-set = utf8
[mysqld]datadir=/MYSQLDATAsocket=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock#Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security riskssymbolic-links=0# Settings user and group are ignored when systemd is used.# If you need to run mysqld under a different user or group,# customize your systemd unit file for mariadb according to the# instructions in http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Sustemdlog-bin = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql-binserver-id=1max_connections = 5000explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = offlower_case_table_names = 1collation-server = utf8_unicode_cicharacter-set-server = utf8binlog_format + ROWbinlog-checksun = NONEdefault-time_zone = ‘+8:00’
[root@centos mysql]# scripts/mysql_install_db –user=mysql –datadir=/data/mysqldata/[root@centos mysql]# chown -R root .
5、为mysql提供sysv服务脚本：[root@centos mysql]# cd /usr/local/mysql[root@centos mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld[root@ccentos mysql]# ldconfig
6、修改PATH环境变量，让系统可以直接使用mysql的相关命令。[root@centos mysql]# echo “PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin” > /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh[root@centos mysql]# source /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
7、最后启动服务添加开机启动[root@centos mysql]# service mysqld start[root@centos mysql]# chkconfig mysqld on[root@centos mysql]# cd /usr/local/mysql/bin[root@centos bin]# ./mysqladmin -u root password ‘123456’[root@centos bin]# mysql -uroot -p123456
附：mysql5.6.37二进制包 https://share.weiyun.com/247aaa9f3784e18cd707040321ec54e4
sql_mode 是一个容易忽视的变量，默认情况下为空，可以忍耐一些非法操作，在生产环境中，必须将其设置为严格模式，在开发测试环境中配该变量也是很有必要的，因为这样可以在生产之前发现问题。sql_mode 常用值如下：和其它数据库相比，MySQL 有点与众不同…
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